This abstract provides a concise summary of the thesis, which examines the evolution of abortion laws in France and the intersection of women's rights, feminism, and healthcare. It emphasizes the shift from a complete ban on abortion to legalization and analyses the factors contributing to this social change, focusing on the role of feminist movements and women's rights activists. The study highlights France's success in recognizing abortion as a health issue rather than a political or religious one, leading to establishment of social systems that ensure safe and affordable access to abortion. It also emphasizes the importance of separating religious and political influences from public life and the need to recognize abortion as a human right based on international standards. Finally, the thesis contributes to novel theory development; it suggests that the spiral approach to studying social change provides valuable insights into the dynamic nature of the abortion debate and the need for continued focus on reproductive rights globally.