The purpose of this essay is to examine and interpret Paul’s usage and mening of the concept of ἐπιθυμία in the Epistle to the Romans. My examination and interpretation has been conducted through exegetical literary analysis of Romans 1:18–32, 6–8 and 13, where I with the support of previous research, first introduced the concept of ἐπιθυμία in its historical context. Then I show how the concept of ἐπιθυμία plays a key role in understanding his argument in the Epistle to the Romans.